Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, and social critic. Born on May 18, 1872, in Trelleck, Monmouthshire, Wales, he became a leading figure in the analytic movement in Anglo-American philosophy. Russell co-authored "Principia Mathematica" with Alfred North Whitehead, which aimed to ground mathematics in logic. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 for his significant writings that championed humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought. Russell was also an outspoken advocate for social reform, pacifism, and anti-imperialism. He passed away on February 2, 1970, in Penrhyndeudraeth, Merioneth, Wales.